Dr. Sean Leo specializes in kneecap realignment surgery, bringing over 25 years of orthopedic experience to each case. He adopts a personalized, evidence-based approach and uses minimally invasive techniques where suitable to help relieve knee cap-related pain, improve patellar alignment, and restore stable, pain-free movement.
Kneecap dislocation, also known as patellar dislocation, occurs when the patella (kneecap) moves out of its normal position, typically shifting to the outside of the knee. This often happens during sudden twisting motions, direct impact, or awkward landings, especially in sports or during active movements. In some individuals, anatomical factors such as shallow grooves in the femur or loose ligaments can increase the risk of dislocation.
The patella plays a key role in stabilizing the knee and supporting leg extension. When dislocated, it can disrupt normal joint mechanics and lead to pain, swelling, and limited mobility. Recognizing the symptoms of kneecap dislocation early is important for proper diagnosis and timely specialist care.
Early evaluation by a knee specialist helps determine the most suitable treatment approach. While some dislocations can be managed non-surgically with physiotherapy and bracing, recurrent cases or structural issues may require surgical realignment to restore stability and prevent future dislocations. Exploring all treatment options ensures informed decisions and better long-term outcomes.
Immediate pain is common, especially around the front of the knee, and is often followed by noticeable swelling within hours of injury.
The kneecap may appear out of place, usually shifted to the outside of the leg. The area is often tender to touch, especially along the inner and outer edges of the patella.
Bending or straightening the knee can be difficult. Many patients also report a sensation of the knee giving way or feeling unstable when walking or standing.
Treatment options for kneecap realignment are tailored to the individual’s condition, the severity of symptoms, and their activity level.
Surgical realignment procedures are often recommended for those with recurrent kneecap dislocations or structural abnormalities, such as a high-riding patella or misalignment. These may include medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction or tibial tubercle transfer (TTT), which aim to restore proper kneecap tracking and reduce the risk of future dislocations. Dr. Sean Leo specializes in advanced techniques designed to improve knee stability while enhancing mobility.
For less severe cases or first-time dislocations, non-surgical treatments like physiotherapy, bracing, and activity modifications may be effective. A thorough assessment by an orthopaedic knee specialist is essential to determine the most appropriate treatment plan based on the specific needs and goals of each patient.
Kneecap realignment surgery may be recommended when conservative treatments, such as physiotherapy or bracing, are insufficient in addressing knee instability, recurrent dislocations, or misalignment of the kneecap.
Factors that suggest the need for surgical intervention include:
An early evaluation by a knee specialist can help determine if kneecap realignment surgery is the best option for restoring stability and function to the knee.
Recovery from kneecap realignment surgery typically takes 3 to 6 months, depending on the severity of the condition, the type of surgery performed, and individual healing. Following a structured rehabilitation program is key to achieving the best outcomes.
The recovery process generally follows these phases:
Initial phase (0–2 weeks)
Focuses on protecting the surgical site, managing swelling, and starting gentle movement, often with the assistance of crutches or a brace.
Early rehabilitation (2–6 weeks)
Aims to increase range of motion and begin light strengthening exercises under the guidance of a medical professional.
Intermediate phase (6–12 weeks)
Focuses on rebuilding strength, stability, and functional movement to support daily activities.
Return to activity (3–6 months)
Patients may gradually return to low-impact sports and activities as guided by their orthopedic specialist.
Close monitoring through follow-up appointments and adherence to the rehabilitation plan are essential to ensure optimal recovery and long-term knee health.
Kneecap realignment surgery generally has a high success rate, particularly for patients who are younger and more active. The outcomes largely depend on factors such as the severity of the misalignment, the patient’s age, activity level, and commitment to rehabilitation.
Key benefits of successful surgery include:
While complications like re-dislocations or the need for further surgery may arise in some cases, most patients experience long-term improvements and are able to resume their normal daily activities or return to sports.
The cost of kneecap realignment surgery varies depending on the complexity of the procedure and the specific requirements of your insurance plan. Dr. Sean Leo’s clinic staff will provide a detailed cost breakdown after your consultation, and they can assist with obtaining a letter of guarantee from your insurance provider if applicable.
Factors influencing the cost include:
The clinic staff is experienced in guiding patients through insurance processes and ensuring that all aspects of your surgery and recovery are addressed.