Specialized Knee Treatment in SingaporeCartilage Repair Surgery

Dr. Sean Leo specializes in cartilage repair surgery, bringing over 25 years of orthopedic experience to each case. He adopts a personalized, evidence-based approach and uses minimally invasive techniques where suitable to help relieve knee pain, support joint function, and restore mobility.

Picture of Dr. Sean Leo

Dr. Sean Leo

Orthopedic Surgeon Singapore
Osteoarthritis Diagram

What is
Cartilage Injury?

Understanding Knee Cartilage Injuries with Dr. Sean Leo.

Cartilage injuries involve damage to the smooth tissue that lines the surfaces of bones within a joint, helping to ensure smooth and pain-free movement. In the knee, this includes both the articular cartilage and the meniscus, which cushion the joint and absorb shock during activity.

These injuries may result from sudden trauma—such as a direct impact or twisting motion—or develop gradually due to repetitive stress or age-related wear and tear. Understanding the symptoms of a cartilage injury is important for early detection and timely specialist assessment, especially since cartilage has limited ability to heal on its own.

Early evaluation by a knee specialist can help determine the extent of damage and guide the most appropriate treatment approach, which may include conservative care or surgical intervention to protect long-term joint health.

Minimally Invasive Cartilage Repair:
How AMIC Help Repair Damaged Cartilage

Dr. Sean explains how AMIC promotes cartilage repair by stimulating natural healing and supporting long-term joint recovery.

What are the Symptoms
of Cartilage Tear?

Cartilage injury symptoms can vary depending on the type and severity of damage, but they often affect daily movement and comfort in the knee.
Osteoarthristis
Pain and swelling

Pain is usually felt along the joint line and may be triggered by activities like squatting or twisting. Swelling often appears within 24–48 hours of injury and may persist if left untreated

Tenderness and inflammation

The area around the knee may become tender to the touch due to inflammation, especially when pressing along the joint.

Joint stiffness and reduced mobility

Individuals may find it difficult to fully bend or straighten the knee. This stiffness can interfere with everyday activities such as kneeling, climbing stairs, or standing up from a chair.

Catching or locking sensations

A damaged cartilage surface or meniscus can disrupt the smooth motion of the joint, causing the knee to catch, click, or lock during movement.

Instability or giving away

Some may experience a feeling of instability or that the knee gives way, particularly during quick directional changes or walking on uneven ground.

Cartilage Repair
Treatment and Recovery

Specialized Care by Dr. Sean Leo, Orthopaedic Knee & Sports Injury Specialist
  • Treatment Options
  • When Needed
  • Recovery Time
  • Success Rates
  • Surgery Costs

What are the treatment options for cartilage injuries?

Surgical vs Non-surgical

Cartilage injury treatment depends on the severity and location of the damage. Mild cases may be managed with rest, physiotherapy, and activity modification. For more serious injuries, advanced options like cartilage repair, regeneration procedures, or minimally invasive surgery may be recommended to restore joint function and prevent long-term damage.

When would you need cartilage repair surgery?

Act Promptly for Better Outcomes

Cartilage repair surgery may be necessary for individuals with significant cartilage damage that does not improve with conservative treatments. Factors that suggest the need for surgery include:

  • A persistent pain, swelling, or stiffness that limits daily activities
  • Failure of non-surgical treatments like rest, physiotherapy, or medications
  • Knee instability or mechanical issues, such as clicking or locking
  • Damage to cartilage in areas where healing is less likely

Early evaluation by an orthopedic specialist is essential to determine if surgery is the best option based on the type and severity of the injury.

How long does it take to recover from a cartilage repair surgery?

What to Expect

Recovery from cartilage repair surgery typically takes 3 to 6 months, depending on the severity of the injury, the surgical technique used, and individual healing. A structured rehabilitation program is crucial for optimal recovery.

The recovery process generally follows these phases:

Initial phase (0–2 weeks)
Focuses on protecting the repair site, managing swelling, and starting gentle movement with crutches or a brace.

Early rehabilitation (2–6 weeks)
Involves increasing range of motion and starting light strengthening exercises under medical supervision.

Intermediate phase (6–12 weeks)
Aims to restore strength, balance, and functional movement for daily activities.

Return to activity (3–6 months)
Patients may resume low-impact sports and other activities, guided by their orthopedic specialist.

Regular follow-ups and adherence to the rehabilitation plan are essential for the best results.

How successful is cartilage repair surgery ?

Evidence-Based Outcomes

Cartilage repair surgery has shown strong success rates, particularly in younger, active individuals and when the tear is in a well-vascularized area. Success depends on factors like the type of tear, patient profile, and adherence to rehabilitation.

Key outcomes of a successful surgery include:

  • Restoration of knee stability
  • Reduction in pain and swelling
  • Improved joint function and mobility
  • Preservation of natural knee cushioning
  • Lower risk of long-term joint degeneration

Factors such as the surgeon’s expertise, accurate diagnosis, the patient’s age and activity level, and commitment to rehabilitation can all influence success. While re-tears or the need for revision surgery can occur, many patients experience long-term improvements and can return to daily activities or sports.

How much does a cartilage repair surgery cost?

Financial Considerations

The cost of cartilage repair surgery varies depending on the complexity of the procedure and individual insurance coverage. Dr. Sean’s clinic staff will discuss the specific cost details with you after your consultation if you choose to proceed with surgery. They are experienced in assisting with applications for letters of guarantee from various insurance panels and corporate insurance plans. 

Factors influencing the cost include:

  • Surgical technique and complexity
  • Type of graft or materials used
  • Hospital or day surgery center fees
  • Anaesthesia services
  • Pre-operative assessments
  • Post-operative rehabilitation

The clinic will provide a clear breakdown of the costs based on your treatment plan and insurance coverage.

Take the First Step Towards Recovery

Dr. Sean Leo, orthopedic surgeon in Singapore, provides comprehensive assessment and personalized treatment plans for cartilage repair and advanced knee conditions.